The fact that the compact camera, dubbed the end of the twentieth century "Soap" is almost gone from the market, and pushed their camera phones - smart phones with integrated cameras. But how do they do it? Even in the most advanced smartphone camera on a number of characteristics of losing more technically perfect compact.
When mobile phones were only built-in cameras, few could have predicted that they evolve rapidly and will win in the competition with compact cameras due to the so-called single-ended solutions. In this article, we'll show you how it happened.
The camera "every day" should be as compact and easy to always be accompanied by the owner. At the end of the twentieth century, it played the role of foil compacts, "Soap", which at that time were, in fact, the only popular gadget. At the turn of the century they were replaced by digital compacts, much more convenient for inexperienced photographers. At the same time gaining popularity of mobile phones, which began to compete with compact and claim the role of the gadget. The conclusion suggests itself: mobile communications and digital shooting need to be combined into a single device.
Developers began to appear more and more new ideas in the use of camera phones. In May 1999 came the machine VP-210 Visual Phone from Kyocera dealer with a two-inch color (65K) screen, which has been integrated VGA-camera 0.11 MP. It stores up to 20 images in JPG format, as well as via the mobile network can send them in e-mail messages or broadcast at a rate of two frames per second video. It was the first front-facing camera in a mobile phone, which laid the foundation for mobile video conferencing and shooting selfi.
In June 2000, Samsung has built into the back cover of the phone SCH-V200, equipped with a polutoradyuymovym TFT-LCD-display, a photo module with a resolution of slightly more than VGA (0,35 M). Memory volume of 1 MB can hold up to 20 pictures, macro mode allows you to take pictures of the text.
However, the camera practically does not interact with the phone part, and send pictures from the memory could be only through cable when connecting to a PC. This decision did not seem too appealing.
Unbalanced kick cameraphones
Introduced in November 2000 in Japan, phone Sharp J-SH04 with a camera equipped with a CMOS-sensor with a resolution of 0.11 megapixels, unlike Samsung said the device, caused a furore. After all, pictures can be not only written in the allocated memory for this 200 kB, but also to see on the TFT LCD display, and even through the network of the mobile operator J-Phone to send an e-mail. That is why the J-SH04 is considered to be the first real camera phone. Next to the lens was a small mirror helps to relieve the person. New fun - photographing his own portrait, followed by sending it to friends - became very popular in Japan and the turn of the century laid the foundation for the tradition selfi-shooting.
Until 2003, the most common in cameraphones sensor resolution - VGA (640x480 pixels). It is not enough for high-quality shooting portraits, landscapes, and text pages. At the same time, since 2000, the year a lot of digital compact with a 2 megapixel sensor resolution (form factor 1 / 2,7") and even 3 megapixel (sensor form factor 1 / 1,8") was presented to the market. Therefore, neither of which competition on the quality of images it can not go, "Soap" could rest on their laurels.
In late 2002, the US mobile operator Sprint subscribers have taken the baton from the Japanese and from your phone-clamshell Sanyo SCP-5300 with a VGA-camera (0.3 megapixel) and service to download, store and send images SprintPictureMail began enthusiastically send each other Photo. In the above phone was the main color (65K) TFT-screen 2.1 inches, and the outside - optional (96x64, 65K), which was used as a viewfinder when shooting. The camera can record up to ten shots with a resolution of 640x480 pixels. It was also a digital zoom (up to 16x), macro mode, self-timer, exposure compensation, six presets for white balance and effects filters.
When the fashion went selfi-shooting, the positions of compact cameras was struck the first significant blow. The fact that the camera phones originally used wide-angle lenses that allow taking self-portraits at arm's length. The "shoot cameras" are suitable for this lens at that time was not, moreover, for shooting self-portraits compacts do not offer a convenient means of visual inspection.
The struggle for quality
By 2004, the phone is almost caught up with the most compact on the resolution and physical size of the sensor. For example, cell phone Samsung SCH-S250 has been set Megapixel sensor form factor 1 / 2,5" (i.e., the same size as a compact), and the focus was set at a different distance switch. The device was 92 MB of internal memory, which expands the RS-MMC card (32 MB). For Sight used a two-inch TFT-screen with a resolution of 320x240.
In 2005, Sony Ericsson has contributed to the quality of a mobile shooting, offering the K750i phone, two-megapixel camera which was originally equipped with autofocus and LED-flash. At the same time Nokia has made a breakthrough as the optics for camera phones, releasing N90 model convertible with rotating screen and the camera unit in the same 2 megapixel with autofocus and LED-flash, but in which the optic was a Carl Zeiss optics . In 2006 it was followed by N93-like design with a 3.2-megapixel camera, which was a lens Carl Zeiss with a triple optical zoom - a first for cameraphones. In the same year, Nokia unveiled the N73, the first time with two cameras - a 3.2 megapixel main and front with VGA-resolution. Now camera phones can do not only quite decent photos, but also to maintain a high quality video, which in principle can not offer digital "Soap".
More year later (in 2007), the Nokia company, has become one of the telefonostroeniya leaders unveiled the N95 slider with two cameras, which were mainly used Megapixel sensor, autofocus and optics of a Carl Zeiss optics . This technique was already possible to make high-quality photos of the most common genres: Portrait, Landscape, Macro. But at the same time quite a lot of "shoot cameras" had sensors with a resolution of 12 megapixels (form factor 1 / 1.7") cvetochuvstvitelnostyu and ISO up to 1600, while the bulk was 7-8 megapixel sensor form factor 1 / 2,3".
Cameraphones, to qualify for the main role of the photographing apparatus, it was urgent to catch up, and they are actively involved in the "megapixel race". In 2008, the phone Samsung i8510 (INNOV8) first introduced the 8-megapixel camera, and the LG Renoir phone with a similar camera was first installed LCD screen with touch screen function. In 2009 camera phone Samsung M8910 Pixon12 has been equipped with a 12-megapixel camera and 3.1-inch screen (480x800). In 2010, Nokia N8 camera phone had sensor form factor 1 / 1,83" with a resolution of 12 megapixels and a four-element lens, a Carl Zeiss optics , as well as a 3.5-inch AMOLED screen (360x640), and support for microSD memory cards.
In the same year he appeared Sony Ericsson S006 with 16 megapixel sensor on, however, form factor 1 / 2,8".
Unbalanced answer: a second wind
Since the end of 2010, the camera phone is now referred to as smartphones, have a chance to more actively fight for the title of the main gadget for photography. It happened, of course, and by improving the technical level of the cameras, and increased processor performance, but to a greater extent - the emergence of resources such as Instagram. This social network quickly gained popularity in 2011 after the emergence of smart phones iPhone 4 and 4S with high-quality 5-, and 8-megapixel camera, respectively.
The ability to quickly take a picture, process it and put the filter in the open access has made smartphones more attractive means of photographing, than compact cameras for the vast number of users. It was then, mobile gadgets and began to really actively press "Soap". In 2012, the number of users Instagram increased sharply due to the appearance of the application version for Android, and in 2013 were added and users winfonov. Also do not forget about other social networks, as with higher levels of the front camera still rapidly increasing popularity selfi-shooting.
Thus, a sharp increase in the popularity of social networks and selfi movement led to a sharp drop in demand for "Soap". Their manufacturers have tried to counter by providing your camera modules Wi-Fi, but it was not enough to bring back the interest in them.Ahead waited for new shocks and the final delivery of products.
Additional attractive mobile shooting steadily added features are constantly developing creative applications like embedded in smartphones, and created by third parties. They allowed with minimum costs to achieve complex artistic results that are either very troublesome to get when shooting "Soap", or require painstaking work with images in a photo editor on the PC. As examples, we mention the panoramic filming, taking photos with a blurred background (small DOF), high-quality elaboration of all colors high-contrast scenes using HDR function, the imposition of filters with different effects, etc.
A new round of fight technology
At some point caught up with cameraphones compacts to equip sensors and even started their superior (at least remember the Nokia 808 PureView and Lumia 1020 camera with 41-megapixel sensors).
By the time the smartphone also received technological innovations such as advanced focusing system and control depth of field (including by means of two cameras), optical stabilization system, dual LED-flash with adjustable color temperature, and others. In other words, smart phones have learned to qualitatively and effectively removed, so much so that mobile pictures were able to participate in the prestigious photo contests.
However, all these virtues are not camera phones become universal fotodevaysami and continued to play "soap box" because of the inability to approach the objects (for example, to remove facial portraits without perspective distortion or some interesting action is happening at a distance from the photographer). And all because they have no optical zoom - only a wide-angle lens with a fixed focal length.
In 2012, it appeared several hybrid devices that combine in a single package Android-smartphone and a full-fledged camera with zoom lens: Polaroid SC1630 Smart Camera, Nikon Coolpix S800c and the Samsung Galaxy Camera. The first two of the vendor and this limited and Samsung continued to release "harvesting»: Galaxy Camera 2, Galaxy S4 zoom, Galaxy K Zoom. This last advantage graded "Soap", but not yet finally killed them.
In 2013 and later appeared even more exciting and "killer" (for compact digital cameras) solutions - external wireless cameras with zoom lenses: Sony Cyber-shot DSC-QX10 and DSC-QX30 (Sensor 1 / 2,3"), DSC-QX100 (sensor 1"). In addition, PV modules come with large sensors and bayonets under the lenses for mirrorless setup (and other) Camera: Sony Alpha QX1 (APS-C) and the Olympus Air A01 (Four Thirds).
What waits for camera phones in the future?
In 2014, the company continued the development of Panasonic hybrids branches, releasing Android-powered device Lumix DMC-CM1 c inch large sensor and Leica fixed lens. It is possible that similar devices will appear in the future.
Some manufacturers have chosen to strengthen photofeatures smartphones with additional plug-ins are several different character than the outer camera. Let us remember, though, claimed in 2014 Relouch case with the sensor and the lens is designed for the iPhone 5 and 6. Or very recent example - corporate cover Samsung Lens Cover the screw mount for removable lenses, designed for smartphones and Galaxy S7 S7 Edge.
A source:techguide.us
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